<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article
PUBLIC "SYSTEM"
       "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.2/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="es">
    <front>
        <journal-meta>
            <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">entropia</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                <journal-title>Revista Entropía Educativa</journal-title>
                <abbrev-journal-title>Rev. Entropía Educ.</abbrev-journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
            <issn pub-type="epub">2981-4723</issn>
            <publisher>
                <publisher-name>Entropía Educativa CI SAS</publisher-name>
            </publisher>
        </journal-meta>
        <article-meta>
            <title-group>
                <article-title xml:lang="es">Cartografías del sentido: El Modelo de Análisis de Resonancia Semántica Asistida en la investigación cualitativa contemporánea</article-title>
                <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                    <trans-title>Cartographies of Meaning: The Assisted Semantic Resonance Analysis Model in Contemporary Qualitative Research</trans-title>
                </trans-title-group>
            </title-group>
            <contrib-group>
                <contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Vázquez Dzul</surname>
                        <given-names>Gabriel</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <aff>
                        <institution>Instituto Nacional de Anropología e Historia Quintana Roo</institution>
                    </aff>
                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-9486-6272</contrib-id>
                </contrib>
            </contrib-group>
            <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
                <day>05</day>
                <month>10</month>
                <year>2026</year>
            </pub-date>
            <volume>4</volume>
            <issue>7</issue>
            <abstract xml:lang="es">
                <p>Mediante una revisión crítica de los métodos convencionales de análisis de los materiales cualitativos, que suelen basarse en esquemas de codificación lineal y deductiva, propongo una alternativa metodológica basada en la asistencia de herramientas y modelos de inteligencia artificial (IA) para demostrar las ventajas interpretativas para las ciencias sociales a través del uso de topografías múltiples del discurso. En efecto, puede no ser una novedad el uso en la asistencia de la IA aplicada al análisis cualitativo; sin embargo, la alternativa que expongo debe su aporte en la codificación semántica y relacional, y no en la léxica-numérica. Así, el Modelo de Análisis de Resonancia Semántica Asistida (MARSA) no pierde de vista la importancia de la función revisora de la persona investigadora por lo que se aprovecha la interacción humana-tecnológica. En MARSA se contempla cinco fases. Inicia con la exploración, que se centra en la lectura inmersiva y flotante del corpus guiada por la reflexividad humana. La sistematización es la fase que ordena lógicamente la información en dimensiones operativas mediante el uso del lenguaje Python. La tercera etapa consiste en la extracción de nodos en los que se emplean modelos de IA para codificar los datos cualitativos de forma estructurada a partir de matrices. La cuarta fase refiere a la identificación de la resonancia de la interacción por medio de algoritmos de redes semánticas para generar gráficamente la conexión, proximidad y consolidación de los significados, superando el conteo léxico de las aplicaciones tradicionales. La interpretación humana es la fase final, en la que quien investiga retoma el liderazgo analítico para descifrar las cartografías visuales resultantes. Así, el modelo muestra la integración de herramientas algorítmicas y la IA para la sistematización de datos sin sacrificar la profundidad hermenéutica del sujeto cognoscente.</p>
            </abstract>
            <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                <p>Through a critical review of conventional methods for analysing qualitative materials, which often rely on linear and deductive coding schemes, I propose a methodological alternative based on the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI) tools and models to demonstrate the interpretive advantages for the social sciences through the use of multiple discourse topographies. Indeed, the use of AI assistance applied to qualitative analysis may not be a novelty; however, the contribution of the alternative presented here lies in semantic and relational coding, rather than lexical-numerical coding. Thus, the Assisted Semantic Resonance Analysis Model (MARSA, by its acronym in Spanish) does not lose sight of the importance of the researcher&amp;#039;s reviewing function, thereby leveraging human-technological interaction. MARSA comprises five phases. It begins with exploration, which focuses on an immersive and floating reading of the corpus guided by human reflexivity. Systematization is the phase that logically organizes the information into operational dimensions through the use of Python programming language. The third stage consists of node extraction, in which AI models are employed to code qualitative data in a structured manner using matrices. The fourth phase refers to identifying the resonance of interaction through semantic network algorithms to visually generate the connection, proximity, and consolidation of meanings, transcending the lexical counting of traditional applications. Human interpretation is the final phase, in which the researcher reclaims analytical leadership to decipher the resulting visual cartographies. Thus, the model demonstrates the integration of algorithmic tools and AI for data systematization without sacrificing the hermeneutic depth of the knowing subject.</p>
            </trans-abstract>
            <kwd-group xml:lang="es">
                <kwd>Modelo</kwd>
                <kwd>resonancia</kwd>
                <kwd>asistencia</kwd>
                <kwd>inteligencia artificial</kwd>
                <kwd>cartografía</kwd>
            </kwd-group>
            <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                <kwd>Model</kwd>
                <kwd>resonance</kwd>
                <kwd>assistance</kwd>
                <kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd>
                <kwd>cartography</kwd>
            </kwd-group>
        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
        <ref-list>
            <ref id="B1">
                <mixed-citation>Bardin, L. (1996). Análisis de contenido. Akal.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B2">
                <mixed-citation>Braun, V. y Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. (2022). Toward good practice in thematic analysis: avoinding common problems and be(com)ing a knowing researcher. International Journal of Transgender Health, 24(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/26895269.2022.2129597.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B3">
                <mixed-citation>Bryant, A. y Charmaz, K. (2007). The SAGE Handbook of Grounded Theory. SAGE.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B4">
                <mixed-citation>Castilla Barraza, J. G., Cárdenas González, J. R. y La Rosa Huertas, L. del C. (2025). La complejidad humana en la investigación cualitativa como herramienta esecial de la investigación científica. Revista Científica en Ciencias Sociales, 7, 1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53732/rccsociales/e701502.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B5">
                <mixed-citation>Charmaz, K. (2006[2014]). Constructing Grounded Theory. SAGE.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B6">
                <mixed-citation>Clarke, A. (2005). Situational Analysis: Grounded Theory After the Postmodern Turn. SAGE.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B7">
                <mixed-citation>Costa, A. P., Bryda, G., Christou, P. A., y Kasperiuniene, J. (2025). AI as a Co-researcher in the Qualitative Research Workflow: Transforming Human-AI Collaboration. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 24, 1-12. DOI: 10.1177/16094069251383739.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B8">
                <mixed-citation>Denzin, N. y Lincoln, Y. (2000). The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research. SAGE.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B9">
                <mixed-citation>Fairclough, N. (2003). Analyzing Discourse: Textual Analysis for Social Research. Routledge.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B10">
                <mixed-citation>Glaser, B. y Strauss, A: (1967). The Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Aldine.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B11">
                <mixed-citation>Hamilton, L. (2023). Exploring the Use of AI in Qualitative Analysis: A Comparative Study of Guaranteed Income Data. International Journal of Qualitative Methods. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069231201504.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B12">
                <mixed-citation>Hiernaux, J. P. (1996). Análisis estructural de contenido y de modelos estructurales. Aplicación a materiales voluminosos. Universidad Católica de Lovaina.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B13">
                <mixed-citation>Jackson, K., Paulus, T. y Woolf, N. H. (2018). The Walking Dead Genealogy: Unsubstantiated Criticisms of Qualitative Data Analysis Software (QDAS) and the Failure to Put Them to Rest. The Qualitative Report (TQR), 23 (13). DOI: https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2018.3096.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B14">
                <mixed-citation>Kelle, U. (2007). &amp;quot;Emergence&amp;quot; vs. &amp;quot;forcing&amp;quot; of empirical data? A crucial problem of &amp;quot;Grounded Theory&amp;quot; reconsidered. Forum of Qualitative Social Research. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/306174283_Emergence_vs_forcing_of_empirical_data_A_crucial_problem_of_Grounded_Theory_reconsidered</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B15">
                <mixed-citation>Krippendorff, K. (2019). Content Analysis: An Introduction to Its Methodology. SAGE.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B16">
                <mixed-citation>Lincoln, Y. y Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. SAGE.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B17">
                <mixed-citation>Mayring, P. (2014). Qualitative content analysis. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung, 1(2). URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/215666096_Qualitative_Content_Analysis</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B18">
                <mixed-citation>Morgan, D. L. (2023). Exploring the Use of Artificial Intelligence for Qualitative Data Analysis: The Case of ChatGPT. International Journal of Qualitative Methods. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069231211248.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B19">
                <mixed-citation>Ngo, T. T., Nguyen Van, D., Nguyen, A.-M., Do, P.-A. y Nguyen-Quoc, A. (2026). Qualitative Coding Analysis through Open-Source Large Language Models: A User Study and Design Recommendations. arXiv:2602.18352. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.18352.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B20">
                <mixed-citation>Nguyen-Trung, K. (2025). ChatGPT in thematic analysis: can AI become a research assistant in qualitative research? Quality &amp;amp; Quantity, 59(6), 4945-4978. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-025-02165-z. érez Serrano, G. (1994). Investigación cualitativa. Retos e interrogantes, I. Métodos. Editorial La Muralla.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B21">
                <mixed-citation>Smith, J. A. (1996). Beyong the divide between cognition and discourse: using interpretative phenomenological analysis in health psychology. Psichology &amp;amp; Helath. 11, 126-271.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B22">
                <mixed-citation>Smith, J. A., Flowers, P. y Larkin, M. (2009). Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: Theory, Method and Research. SAGE.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B23">
                <mixed-citation>Stough, L. M. y Lee, S. (2021). Grounded theory approaches used in educational research journals. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 20, 1-13. DOI: 10.1177/16094069211052203.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B24">
                <mixed-citation>Strauss, A. y Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques. SAGE.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B25">
                <mixed-citation>Suárez, H. (2002). La sociología cualitativa: el método de análisis estructural de contenido. T’inkazos, 11, 53-68.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B26">
                <mixed-citation>Topi, H., Valachi, J. S., Wright, R. T., Kaiser, K. Nunamaker, J. F., Sipior, J. C. y de Silva, G. (2010) IS 2010: Curriculum Guidelines for Undergraduate Degree Programs in Information Systems. AIS eLibrary.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B27">
                <mixed-citation>Tuffour, I. (2017). A critical overview of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: a contemporary qualitative research approach. Journal of Healthcare Communications, 2(52).</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B28">
                <mixed-citation>Van Dijk, T. A. (2009). Discurso y poder. Gedisa. (2015). Ideology/Critical Discourse Analysis. En D. Tannen, H. E. Hamilton y D. Schiffrin (Eds.). The Handbook of Discourse Analysis (466-485). John Wiley &amp;amp; Sons, Inc.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B29">
                <mixed-citation>Wen, S., Ku, B., Wang, T., Zou, M. y Yang, Y. (2025). Neo-Grounded Theory: A Methodological Innovation Integrating High-Dimensional Vector Clustering and Multi-Agent Collaboration for Qualitative Research. arXiv. DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.25244.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B30">
                <mixed-citation>Wodak, R. y Meyer, M. (2015). Methods of Critical Discourse Studies (3era edición). SAGE.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B31">
                <mixed-citation>Xiao, Z., Yuan, X., Liao, Q. V., Abdelghani, R. y Oudeyer, P.-Y. (2023). Supporting Qualitative Analysis with Large Language Models: Combining Codebook with GPT-3 for Deductive Coding. arXiv:2304.10548.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
            <ref id="B32">
                <mixed-citation>Zhang, H., Wu, C., Xie, J., Rubino, F., Graver, S., Kim, C., Carroll, J. C. y Cai, J. (2024). When qualitative research meets large language model: exploring the potential of QualiGPT as a tool for qualitative coding. arXiv: 2407.14925.</mixed-citation>
            </ref>
        </ref-list>
    </back>
</article>
